The Republic By Socrates - 1591 Words

In Book VII of the Republic, Socrates sets forth the idea that a real astronomer would not be concerned with the motions of the stars. This comes at a time in the dialogue being played out in the Republic in which the education of the guardians (especially those who will be the philosopher-kings) is in question. The foundational elements of this education have already been discussed, these being the subjects of music and poetry and rigorous physical training. However, the question remains what other subjects should be added to the education process of the guardians to make them fit rulers of the just city. As Socrates has mentioned earlier in Book VI, he believes that it is philosophers that are most fit to rule, so the guardians of the†¦show more content†¦Socrates takes issue with the manner in which it is currently studied in his time, claiming that those engaged in the subject gain no knowledge because they deal with things they can see, that is, the motions of the stars . He then makes the claim expressed in the quote above, that â€Å"real† astronomers (those concerned with truth and understanding) would not concern themselves with these stellar motions. This idea ties into the desired essence of the guardians’ education, as the subjects that are to be added should stimulate thought and the search for understanding. The purpose of this study is to prepare the potential rulers for what Socrates calls â€Å"dialectic,† which is essentially pure exploration of thought and reason in the quest for understanding that which is (i.e. the Forms). A parallel to this idea that also makes it quite provocative is the nature of modern astronomy, which often concerns itself with the â€Å"motions of stars,† although in a different, more diverse, and more advanced way than in Socrates’ time. However, modern astronomy also deals with â€Å"problems† as Socrates suggests, as the men and women at the forefront of the field a re always trying to uncover the truth about not only the way celestial bodies move and interact with one another, but also how they fit into the grand

Non-Violent Resistance The Stoppable Ways - 982 Words

Sitting down under the same sky, looking into the same outer space and participate the same environments have made us very curious about whom we are. It is true that we were born into different lifestyles yet we do not know much about ourselves, especially how we, oppressed people, can deal things in a non-violent resistance. According to Martin Luther King’s Three Ways of Meeting Oppression, he reveals how we can deal with our oppression in three characteristic ways – non-violent resistance, violent resistance and acquiescence. He believes that these three ways are indispensable, which he must organize himself into a militant, nonviolent and mass movement. In contrast, one simple way, but overwhelmingly strong, has shape my life into a†¦show more content†¦5) However, this is not it! Numbers of people prefer to stay calm and accept what have given to them daily. They either feels scared, not confident, no hopes or probably they are satisfy with what they have. This is not going to change the life of yours yet you will suffer again and again. â€Å"In every moment towards freedom, some of the oppressed prefer to remain oppressed† (King, par. 1). Being conditioned to this is not the best ways to solve your life and other people life. It seems like the oppressed people are giving in their power to make the oppressors more powerful. With this ability, the oppressors will continue to target and suffer other mankind. Unlike to the synthesis in Hegelian philosophy where â€Å"the principle of non-violent resistance seeks to reconcile the truths of two opposites – acquiescence and violence – while avoiding the extremes and immoralities of both† (King, par. 7) yet both, the oppressed people and the oppressors, â€Å"sh ould agrees that one should not be physically aggressive towards his opponent but he should balance the equation by agreeing with the person of violence that evil must be resisted† (King, par. 7). One history story example clearly shown how oppressed prefer to remain oppressed. â€Å"Almost 2,800 years ago Moses set out to lead the children of Israel from theShow MoreRelated Controlling Thought: War Propaganda in Nazi Germany and Contemporary America4360 Words   |  18 Pagesno voice, the people can always be brought to the bidding of the leaders. That is easy. All you have to do is tell them they are being attacked and denounce the pacifists for lack of patriotism and exposing the country to danger. It works the same way in any country.[3] In this critical passage, Goering outlines the necessary elements for amassing support for war from the citizens of a country. While only two requirements are explicitly stated, there are three implied in the quoteRead More50 Harmful Effects of Genetically Modified (Gm) Foods14312 Words   |  58 PagesWe can understand this with an analogy. There is an immense difference between being a matchmaker and inviting two people to a dinner party, to meet and see if they are compatible. This differs essentially from forcing their meeting and union or a violent date rape. The former act may be divine, and the latter considered criminal. The implication is that biotechnology involves vital moral issues in regard to the whole of life in nature. With biotechnology, roses are no longer crossed with just rosesRead MoreModern History.Hsc.2012 Essay25799 Words   |  104 Pagespurchase of shares, but was also an unstable market, as the government had no control over what it did and was left up to the private sector almost to run the market. Entry of the United States world war 1 Non-Intervention - The United States originally pursued a policy of non-intervention, avoiding conflict while trying to broker a peace. - When a German U-boat sank the British liner Lusitania in 1915, with 128 Americans aboard, U.S. President Woodrow Wilson vowed, America is too proud

Feudalism and the Growth of the Market

Questions: 1. The early Byzantine Empire represented an effort at continuing the legacy of the West, particularly Rome. To what extent did the Byzantines succeed in this effort and how do you think they failed? 2. The Islamic world represented a different model of civilization. What are the characteristics of this Islamic empire and how did they shape the Medieval world? 3. Traditional Chinese culture evolved to develop a strong political system and a well-developed economic structure. What developments in the Traditional period allowed China to become one of the most advanced societies in the world? Is it possible that the Chinese arrived in America prior to the arrival of Europeans? Why? 4. The Mongol Empire represents one of the most successful military societies in history. What made the Mongols such an effective fighting force? What were their failures? What if the Mongols had continued their campaign into Europe in the mid-13th century? What might have happened to Europe and the rest of t he world? What kind of leader was Genghis Khan? 5. Japanese civilization evolved differently from that which we saw in other parts of East Asia. What were the main influences on Japanese culture and what were the key features that emerged as a result of these influences. 6. Early Medieval Europe was defined by feudalism and manorialism. What is feudalism and manorialism and how did it come to shape Medieval Europe? 7. What was the most important event in Medieval European history: the decline of the Roman Catholic Church, the Hundred Years Wars, and the outbreak of the Black Plague? Why? 8. The Renaissance marks a break with the Medieval and the beginnings of the modern. What were the key changes associated with the Renaissance and how did they represent a break with the past? 9. What was the most meaningful part of the course for you? What did you learn about history, people, and why we study history in the first place? Answers: 1. The Byzantine Empire had reached a very great height in the late ninth and tenth century and during these years the Empire had a lot of pressure from the Romans to remove the Patriarchs and to get control over many parts of Italy. But during the same time the new invaders appeared to have no respect left. The Normans finally completed the Byzantine expulsion from Italy because of a lack of interest in sending any support to Italy and were mainly interested in defeatingEgypt. The empire also appealed to the west for help but they considered in sending help in return for reuniting the churches. 2. The Islamic empire was divided into many other provinces over the fight for succession and the Islamic economy revolved around trade and commerce with the Mediterranean and China and resulted in the manufacture of many luxury goods such as carpets, jewelry, spices and silk. The Islamic culture also valued education and learning to a very large extent and Arabic and mathematics flourished during this period. The primary and main language of the Islamic Empire was Arabic. Muslims were expected to observe the teachings of the Koran, the Five Pillars of Faith, temperance, and sobriety. Muslims were also expected to make a pilgrimage (hajj) to Mecca at least once in their lives. 3. Before the Europeans arrived in Asia, China was considered one of the most advanced and powerful nations in the world in terms of its population, political area and also most importantly in the art of agriculture. First the Europeans found that the Chinese had a very revered tradition and culture and industrialization was nonexistent. But its not the case in todays time; china is the most talked about countries when it comes to the future of the economy of the world. There were many questions raised however such as would china ever become an industrialized country and have an impact on the global trade. As it has natural resources and manpower to build a huge economy so therefore it became important that foreign nations understand the development of the China before they decide which side to defend. 4. When the Mongols came first the Mongolian dynasty took a total new shape. The tribal quarrels and raids were all done in the past because either the tribe or the clan had fallen out of use or the others were scattered all over the Mongol world and by also testing the system of the tribe and the traditional clan. A unified Mongol nation came into existence as the personal creation of Genghis Khan and through many colonial occupations which has survived to the present day. Genghis Khan was ready to start on his great adventure of world conquest. The new nation was organized and his troops were divided into a system and were very disciplined and well equipped as well as well supplied. 5. There was a huge impact on the global history in the transmission of the key elements in the Chinese culture and to the islands that came into being to make up Japan and this clearly provides a very good example in the spread of the civilization from the center areas to the neighboring people. The people of Japan imported a wide range of ideas, techniques of production, institutional models, and material objects from the Chinese mainland. After adapting these imports to make them compatible with the quite sophisticated culture they had previously developed, the Japanese used what they had borrowed from China to build a civilization of their own. They also used many new patterns of rice growing and handicraft production that helped in enhancing the base of the economy. 6. The social structure in which the king gifts a form of a land and authority to a lord to rule and govern the area in exchange for the different services like agriculture or defense this is called as the feudal system. Manorialism is defined as the social interaction system that existed between the lords and the population like the laborers, soldiers etc with regards to their daily life and survival. 7. With the fall of the Western Roman Empire, a new era began in Europe and the Mediterranean world. And so began the period of European history known as the Dark Ages, when out of the ruins of the Western Empire grew a number of new successor kingdoms ruled over by the barbarian or the people who inherited it. 8. The term Renaissance means "rebirth" and is the period in European civilization immediately following the Middle Ages, conventionally held to have been characterized by a surge of interest in classical learning and values. The Renaissance also witnessed the discovery and exploration of new continents and the decline of the feudal system. There was a growth of commerce and the invention or application of powerful innovations such as paper, printing and gunpowder. 9. The study of history is important because we learn from the mistakes of the past and hopefully learn to avoid those same mistakes made in the past. By learning from the mistakes that have been made by others, we are able to avoid the same mistakes and make more progress in economics, government, technology, etc.In a society which expects education to serve as a purpose, the functions of history can be more difficult to define than those of engineering or medicine. History is in fact very useful but the products of historical study are less immediate than those that come from some other disciplines. References Jonathan Maunder (2009-04-07)."Feudalism and the growth of the market" Socialist Worker Online. Retrieved2009-12-22. Kuitert, Wybe (1988). "Themes, Scenes and Taste in the History of Japanese Garden Art.". J.C.Gieben, Publisher, Amsterdam.

Positive Effects of Reality Television Essay Example

Positive Effects of Reality Television Paper Reality Television Its Sunday night, the work is done and you are ready to sit down and relax. You walk down the stairs, make some popcorn, cuddle up on the couch, and flip on your favorite reality television show. On that Sunday evening you will not only have one reality show to choose from but many because reality television is becoming commonplace. These shows range from competitions to find your future spouse to episodes documenting the life of celebrities. What each show has in common is that is highlights interpersonal relationships. While most parents are stealing the remote o prevent their children from watching reality television, they should be doing the opposite. Even though many believe these shows destroy society, more evidence indicates that the shows benefit and assist people, encouraging them to strengthen their own relationships and make smart decisions within them. Due to reality television becoming more popular it is important to understand its true effects. Reality television shows benefit relationships by providing positive tips, lessons, and examples of what a healthy and positive relationship should be. One type of interpersonal relationships is romantic relationships, which are often expressed on reality dating shows. The heart of dating reality television is Abss The Bachelor. Every season is about a single, handsome, and successful man that is introduced to 25 stunning women in hopes that one of them will be his future wife. Week by week he sends one of the women packing back to her home. At the end of the six-week period he will have one dream woman remaining to whom he will propose. The Bachelor is a great example off program that positively benefits the relationships of viewers. We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Effects of Reality Television specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Effects of Reality Television specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Positive Effects of Reality Television specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Dana Cloud, a Communication Studies professor, studies their investment and influence that is the result of their attachment and commitment. She disputes that the viewers emotional investment in the show stirs trouble in their own personal relationships. Cloud believes the overload of viewers attachment in the show is obvious by social media comments. On twitter one user tweeted twice in one day about the program and her opinions; these users help verify the attachment of many viewers (Roth). While Cloud argues their investment is negative, psychology suggests the viewers are benefiting from it. Tiffany Brewer argues, The general premise of the social cognitive theory is that people learn from observing others actions and attitudes and the consequences they face as a result. This process is known as modeling and is a core premise of entertainment education (12). The theory implies that viewers are going to apply the positive behavior to their own personal romantic relationships and learn what not to do from the negative behavior by investing themselves in the reality programs. The Bachelor not only benefits the viewers but also many of the participants. Many of the couples that became engaged at the end of the season have moved on past the show and created families. Ryan Suttee the winner of Triads heart from season one of The Bachelors tweeted, Beautiful day to spend with my beautiful wife and kids. So grateful! Him and Tristan have been married for over ten years now and have children. Another example off beneficial relationship is Jason and Molly another chance. Jason, who had a kid from a previous marriage, is now married to Molly and they have a newborn baby. Molly posted a tweet after her baby was born eying, Thank you everyone for all of the well wishes! Riley is such a dream and couldnt be more perfect! We are so happy and in love!!!! #Erlenmeyers. Both of these tweets suggest that the show has benefited couples from The Bachelor. Dating shows are not the only types of reality television shows that affect relationships. In addition to romantic relationships reality television involving competitions, such as The Amazing Race, improve existing relationships between friends and family. The Amazing Race is a reality game show, which typically eleven teams of two race around the world. These partners range from husband and wife to mother and her son racing roughly twelve legs interspersed with physical and mental challenges. Critics have argued reality games shows bring out the worse sides of the contestants, but actually most contestants seem to have really positive experiences. Terry Gross, the host of Philadelphia public radio, offered contestants his opinion that shows like The Amazing Race are designed to bring out the worst in people because you have to be brutally competitive, incredibly aggressive, and honest in the cruelest sense. While Gross is arguing these game shows are punishing relationships, CBS offers elimination interviews of the contestants that imply the opposite. One team, Jessica and John, stated, [a]after running around the world and having your view expanded it makes it more clear than ever how fortunate all of us are. For Jessica and John The Amazing Race offered the insight to appreciate one another in order to strengthen their relationship. Many other couples agree that the show has been beneficial. Another couple Pam and Winnie commented, we would do it again in a heartbeat. We loved the Race so much. We would do it again even if there was no prize money. Their quote also provides evidence on how The Amazing Race gave them an opportunity of a lifetime that they were able to experience together only helped make them closer. There are many sources that support the the participants arguing the benefits of The Amazing Race. In 2006, National Geographic Magazine published an article declaring, [I]f anyone can tell you how to travel outside your comfort zone, embrace risk, and come back alive, its the Winners of TVs The Amazing Race (Whiners). The contestants are facing these risky challenges gather and are experiencing these challenges together, making them stronger. While The Amazing Race takes people to exotic locations, 16 Pregnant is reality television revealing people in their day-to-day life. Mats hit show affects both the viewers and reality stars. 16 Pregnant focuses much more on the relationships between parent and child not only with the newborn, but also with the tens parent as well. The show follows the lives of pregnant teenagers and films the struggles with teen pregnancy. 6 Pregnant has shown positive correlations with one of the main issues in The United States, teen pregnancy. MET paired with The National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy to help reduce the rates of teen pregnancy. The campaign published an article revealing facts about teen pregnancy and noted that in 2006 when the rates spiked about 164 out of 1,000 teens became pregnant. The article confirms that MET is working with t he campaign to help viewers understand the fundamental problems of teen pregnancy. In 2009, the first read that [a]approximately 39 births and 72 pregnancies occur per 1,000 girls age 15-19 (Fast Facts). This evidence suggests that 16 Pregnant has led to a decrease in teen pregnancy. After viewing the negative effects of teen pregnancy on the show, teenagers are making better decisions when it comes to their sexual involvement. A research was done to help understand the effects of the program. The paper read: Teenagers are being positively reinforced by watching 16 and Pregnant. Through the use of ads during the show and through the struggles each teen mom encounters, MET is teaching the audience a very valuable lesson: that waiting to have sex and practicing safe sex are the best ways to avoid becoming pregnant as a teenager. Understanding 3) This article lays out partnership formed with MET and advertising nannies as an effort to reduce teen pregnancy. The shows sole purpose, according to MET, is to educate teens and encourage smart decisions within their relationships. 16 and Pregnant captures the building of relationships between not only the teenager and her child but also the teenager and her parent. By observing the behaviors presented on television, viewers are learning how to make smart decisions to help create healthy relationships. Even though many of the examples of behavior shown on television are negative, viewers can still learn by observing according to the theory presented by Tiffany Brewer. Her study on teenagers provides additional evidence that indicates the positive effect of the reality program. She surveyed a group of teenage viewers to bring to the light the lesson they are learning through watching 16 Pregnant each week, after she was done surveying, the most common response was people thought more about the consequences of their actions. The balancing of financial costs, schoolwork, social activities, and a child can be a hassle. The episodes display the legitimate challenges and how a teenager should approach handling the situation. The relationships grow and develop with onscreen inversion and while viewers watch the interactions they will grasp tips and ideas on how to reach out to communicate with their own family members. This exposure will open up conversation about sexual behaviors between parents and their children. It will provide a comforting stance for families to be more open with one another. By making a reality television show center on the issue of teen pregnancy, they are raising awareness in young people and influencing them to make intelligent decisions within their relationship. (Session) 16 Pregnant is not the only show that MET has produced to raise awareness for an issue. The series Catfish is another example off reality television show that affects the audience by opening their eyes to a controversy. Catfish is a television series on MET that is based off of the original documentary about a young man named Yanks Coalman who had a strange experience with online dating. He discovered that the person he had been talking to was actually an older woman faking her identity as a youthful, beautiful girl. Yanks created the series to help others in society who are dealing with similar situations. While some believe Catfish is only boosting the amount of fake online identities, the program similar to 16 Pregnant, addresses the issue and makes viewers aware of the stranger dangers lurking online. Providing knowledge of the mishaps can be used as a guide and relationships (Calendar). While many of societys immediate thoughts are that reality television shows have a negative effect on relationships, there is more evidence to support their broadcasting. Reality television has increasing become more popular within the past 10 years and it is important that society knows the effects of watching it. Reality television is benefiting real life relationships of stars and those who tune in to watch t every evening by providing with great experiences and both positive and negative examples of relationships.